October 12 Holidays (2022/2023), Historical Events, Famous Birthdays

Holiday name	Holiday location	Holiday type
Indigenous Resistance´s Day	Multiple [Show]	National Holiday
Indigenous Resistance Day	Nicaragua	Observance
Dia de la raza	Guatemala	National Holiday
Old Farmers Day	-	Unofficial (Work & Occupation)
Hispanic Day	Spain	National Holiday
Pan American Day	Belize	Public Holiday
Columbus Day	Multiple [Show]	Multiple Types
Our Lady Aparecida/Children's Day	Brazil	National Holiday
Day of the Cultures	Costa Rica	Observance
Independence Day	Equatorial Guinea	National Holiday
National Savings Day	-	Unofficial (Awareness & Cause)
National Freethought Day	-	Unofficial (Awareness & Cause)
National Farmer’s Day	-	Unofficial (Work & Occupation)
National Gumbo Day	-	Unofficial (Food & Drinks)
National Chess Day	-	Unofficial (Fun & Joy, Hobby & Creativity)
National Costume Swap Day	-	Unofficial (Fun & Joy)
National Motorcycle Ride Day	-	Unofficial (Activity & Action, Fun & Joy)
I Love Yarn Day	-	Unofficial (Hobby & Creativity)
Day of respect for cultural diversity	Argentina	National Holiday
Birthday of the Governor of Sarawak	Malaysia (Sarawak)	Common Local Holiday
World Migratory Bird Day	-	International (Animals)
Translators' Day	-	Observance

Historical Events on October 12

1692: Massachusetts Governor Sir William Phips ends the Salem Witch Trials by sending a letter officially closing the matter.
1773: The first insane asylum in the United States opens on this day.
1792: New York City holds its first Columbus Day Celebration.
1793: The cornerstone of the oldest state university in the U.S – Old East – is laid on the campus at the University of North Carolina.
1823: The first raincoat is sold by Charles Macintosh.
1918: A huge forest fire in Cloquet, Minnesota ends up killing over 450 people.
1928: For the first time, an iron lung respirator is used at a Children’s Hospital in Boston.
1933: Alcatraz Citadel become Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary when it’s changed from a military fort and prison to a civilian prison.
1942: After the Battle of Cape Esperance during World War II, Japanese naval forces retreat.
1944: During World War II, the Axis occupation of the Greek city of Athens comes to an end on this day.
1945:S Army Corporeal who served as a combat medic during World War II, becomes the first conscientious objector to ever receive the United States Medal of Honor.
1960: Leader of the Japanese Socialist Party, Inejiro Asanuma is stabbed to death during a live television broadcast.